EDITOR'S NOTE: The descriptions of links at Native History
are categorized to aid in your research. We have also attempted to provide some tidbits of historical information that may
not always be found within that website. At the time these sites were reviewed, they met the requirements of our Editorial
Board. If you have any problems with a link, or if the content no longer appears to be suitable for inclusion in our magazine,
please let us know.
A Line in the Sand
(Multi-Tribal Cultural)
This link is listed first because it starts with "A". It is also listed first because because "A Line in the Sand" is about
debunking the stereotypical Indian and protecting the cultural property of indigenous peoples. One of the things you'll learn
here is how a "nickel" helped stereotype American Indians.
(Multi-Tribe Resource - Focus on Hopi, Haudenosaunee
(Iroquois), Lakota and Tlingit)
Presented by
the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, the site' lives up to its own description: "American Indians have an enduring heritage
of connections with the natural universe. These connections are the focus of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History's new
Alcoa Foundation Hall of American Indians. Through exploration of four different visions of living in and with the natural
world--those of the Tlingit of the Northwest Coast, the Hopi of the Southwest, the Iroquois of the Northeast, and the Lakota
of the Plains--North, South, East, West: American Indians and the Natural World examines the belief systems, philosophies,
and practical knowledge that guide Indian peoples' interactions with the natural world. Though all of these peoples have chosen
different pathways and strategies for making a life in their various environments, one similar concept is voiced by all--that
a reciprocal connection exists between people and the rest of the world." Because it isn't obvious, be sure to "click" on
various images on the pages to get even more information.
An American Hero - Tecumseh
(Multi-Tribe and Shawnee Resource)
Tecumseh was a Shawnee, born of a Cherokee mother. He attempted to create
an alliance of all the tribes east of the Mississippi to stop encroachment into Indian lands. At this site, hosted by the
James Madison University, you'll find a brief biography and a history of his efforts. Students at the Sophomore level and
above might like to speculate on how life in the United States would be if Tecumseh had been successfull. His name is more
properly pronounced Tecumtha.
American Indians of the Pacific Northwest
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
This is a direct link through "American Memory," at the online version of the Library of Congress. It will take you directly
to information and photographs regarding Pacific Northwest Native Americans. See the Articles section of Native History
for information on tribal distribution.
Bureau of Indian Affairs
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
The Bureau of Indian Affairs is part of the United States Department of the Interior and oversees certain aspects of federally
recognized tribes in the United States. When first created, the BIA was part of the U.S. War Department. This is the spot
to verify names of federally-recognized tribes and tribes or groups that have applied for recognition.
British Columbia History
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
Please remember that most Indian tribes traveled, if not continuously, at certain times of the year. Tribes crossed and recrossed
the area now designated as the Canada-United States border. If you are researching one of the northern tribes, your search
will encompass both countries. This side is the index for British Columbia information from Agriculture to to Women's history.
There is a large selection of links to information on First Nations-Aboriginal-Native-Indian-Metis History in British Columbia.
Canada's First Nations
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
From the Department of History, University of Calgary, and Red Deer College in Alberta, this site is a "multimedia tutorial"
about the First Nations of Canada. Persons of aboriginal descent in Canada are usually categorized as "status, non-status,
Metis, off-reserve and on-reserve". The Elders Council has observed that the Canadian government appears to have put forth
an effort to provide information on all of that country's indigenous peoples -- and regrets that such efforts seem to be lacking
in most other countries, particularly during the United Nations "Decade of Indigenous Peoples." (Ends 2004).
Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma
(Tribe Specific)
This is the official website of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, the descendents of the people who walked the Trail of Tears
which began in 1838. The Cherokee are the largest tribe in the United States, according U.S. census records. You'll find Cherokee
language aids and information on how to obtain applications for enrollment as well as current news of the nation.
Index of Native American Resources on the Internet
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
Part of the WWW Virtual Library, this is a great starting point to diverse areas of topics including culture, health, history,
language and indigenous knowledge. Like Native History Magazine, sites are prescreened before addition to the data base links.
Library of Congress
(Multi-Tribe Resource - but emphasis on the Plains and Northwest)
The Library of Congress IS the nation's library and so much of it is now online that many resources normally not available
offsite to the public now have ready access through the speed of the internet. Whether you are researching Native American
history or the electric light bulb, this site is a "must" to add to your "bookmarks." See the Articles section of Native
History for information on tribal distribution.
Lipan Apache (Tindi)
(Tribe Specific)
There are very few sites on the web that cover the Lipan. This site was built by a descendent of the Castro family to honor
their Lipan heritage. Includes a well-researched history.
Making of America
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
You don't have to be enrolled at Cornell University to take advantage of their vast resources. You'll find articles from the
past, photographs and many historical documents online and at your fingertips. See the Articles section of Native History
for information on tribal distribution.
Map of Native American Tribes
(Multi-Tribe Resource - MAP)
Not your everyday map. This special map hosted by Columbia University has a "Tribe Finder" feature you can use to find the
location of a specific tribe. The "Tribe Finder" will also help locate links to sites the have information about the tribe.
Metis Nation of the South
(Intertribal Resource)
This is the official web site of the Metis Nation of the South. Metis is a French word meaning "mixed." In times past, members
of this nation would have been called half-breeds or mixed breeds. These "mixed" indigenous people have banded together and
formed a sovereign nation under international law. Native American Indian heritage is a pre-requisite for citizenship; but,
they also welcome lost birds. There are articles on Metis history at this site as well as Native American learning stories.
Use the "Culture" link for the stories. Teachers may want to use this site to prompt class discussion on the tribal disenfranchisement
of many persons of mixed Native American Indian heritage.
Metis Resource Centre
(Intertribal Resource)
A cultural resource center run by Metis whose
ancestry developed in the historic Red, Assiniboine and Saskatchewan river valleys and received Scrip. Please note that not
all Metis originated in this area. The first Metis were created when the first Eastern Hemisphere non-aborginal mated with
an aboriginal of the Western Hemisphere.
Native American Authors
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
The Internet Public Library has provided a very useful tool for information on Native American authors and their works. Quoting
from the webpage on this topic, the IPL says "This website provides information on Native North American authors with bibliographies
of their published works, biographical information, and links to online resources including interviews, online texts and tribal
websites. Currently the website primarily contains information on contemporary Native American authors, although some historical
authors are represented." You can browse the listings by author, by book title or by tribe.
NativeTech
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
A source for Native American "technology" from beadwork and crafts to leatherworking and recipes. You can build a canoe or
learn to fingerweave a Metis sash here.
Native Web
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
Here you'll find categories that include arts and humanities,
business, historical material, language and linguistics, law and legal
issues, libraries and collections, organizations, science, and society and
culture. The Elders Council considers Native Web one of the best overall Native American-resource sites on the Internet.
Ojibwe (Chippewa)
(Tribe Specific)
The Ojibwe and the Chippewa are the same people. The term "Ojibwe" is most ofen used in Canada. You will also find the tribe
name spelled "Ojibwa" at various sources. Moving south and west over the centuries, by 1800 Ojibwe were living in Ontario,
Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Michigan, Minnesota, Michigan, North Dakota, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. According to the author
of this site, no other tribe has ever come close to controlling so vast an area as the Ojibwe did at this time.You will find
an extremely well researched history of the Ojibwe People and their culture. We hope the author, Lee Sultzman, will continue
to make this site grow. For more information on tribal names and their meanings, see the "Articles" section of Native
History
Spirit of the Anasazi
(Anasazi and Pueblo Resource)
This site was developed as part of a Granite (Utah) School District project. It is divided into sections: Anasazi Symbolism,
Culture Periods, Great Pueblo Period, Bibliography, and New Information. There is a great deal of information, but be prepared
to use the "back" button on your browser.
This Week in American Indian History
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
Geared toward the time historical events occurred, you'll find information for specific "weeks" going back to at least the
15th century. Teachers will find this a very useful resource when comparing what was happening in "Native America" while other
events were occuring around the world. An excellent resource for the study of American history as a whole.
U.S. Code Title 25
(Multi-Tribe Resource)
U.S. Code Title 25 contains most, but not all, laws in the United States covering Native American Indian tribes. An understanding
of the laws and its affects on native people goes a long way to understanding both the past and the present.
Winnebago
(Tribe Specific)
This spot is dedicated to Winnebago history, language and culture beginning with the early 1600s. The homeland of the Winnebago
was between Green Bay and Lake Winnebago in northeast Wisconsin, however, the tribe also dominated the area from Upper Michigan
south to present-day Milwaukee and extending west to the Mississippi River.
Wyandot (Huron) Nation of Kansas
(Tribe Specific)
The Official web site of the Wyandot Nation of Kansas. The Wyandot and the Hurons are the same people. The Wyandot Nation
of Kansas is made up of those Wyandot formerly known as "absentee" or "citizen class" Indians. That means the Bureau of Indian
Affairs took away this group's status as a federally-recognized tribe, basically saying the people no longer exist. They have
petitioned the BIA for federal recognition. For more information on tribal names and their meanings, see the "Articles" section
of Native History.
1st-Hand-History.org
(Multi-Tribal, Multi-Cultural)
This organization is making a strong effort to provide primary source historical books and documents on the web and making
them available at no cost to you, the reader. You'll read words as they were written, from the perspective of the writer and
the world they lived in at the time. Read them with your brain engaged.
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